The student will be able to:

1. Identify the common medical emergencies that occur in the dental office
2. Describe the underlying biological processes responsible for the emergency
3. Describe the signs and symptoms for common medical emergencies
4. List procedures to manage common medical emergencies
5. Indicate the methods to prevent common medical emergencies in the dental office
6. Identify the drugs and equipment used in the treatment of common medical emergencies and the components of a basic emergency kit and their primary uses in the emergency
7. Identify patients who are at higher risk for medical emergencies through physical evaluations, such as vital signs and ASA assessment
8. Practice simulated emergency situations and describe the procedures which would be appropriate in the management of these situations
9. Describe the legal and ethical responsibilities of the dental team in the management of emergency situations

1. Identify the common medical emergencies that occur in the dental office
   1. Syncope
   2. Postural hypotension
   3. Angina
   4. Acute myocardial infarct
   5. Cerebrovascular accident
   6. Choking
   7. Hyperventilation
   8. Asthma
   9. Drug related emergencies
   10. Diabetes mellitus
2. Describe the underlying biological processes responsible for the emergency
   1. Pathophysiology
   2. Contribution of stress and anxiety
   3. Pre-existing conditions
3. Describe the signs and symptoms for common medical emergencies
   1. Clinical manifestations
4. List procedures to manage common medical emergencies
   1. Conscious patient versus unconscious patient
   2. Patient positioning
   3. Airway-breathing-circulation (BLS)
   4. Definitive care
   5. Staff assignments
5. Indicate the methods to prevent common medical emergencies in the dental office
   1. Medical history assessment
   2. Treatment modifications
   3. Office and staff preparation
6. Identify the drugs and equipment used in the treatment of common medical emergencies and the components of a basic emergency kit and their primary uses in the emergency
   1. Equipment
      1. Oxygen
      2. AED unit
      3. Ambu bag
   2. Drugs
      1. Nitroglycerin pills or spray
      2. Antihistamine
      3. Epinephrine
      4. Inhaler
      5. Analgesic
      6. Ammonia vaporale
      7. Glucose
7. Identify patients who are at higher risk for medical emergencies through physical evaluations, such as vital signs and ASA assessment
   1. ASA physical status clarification system
      1. ASA I
      2. ASA II
      3. ASA III
      4. ASA IV
      5. ASA V
8. Practice simulated emergency situations and describe the procedures which would be appropriate in the management of these situations
   1. Syncope
   2. Postural hypotension
   3. Angina
   4. Acute myocardial infarct
   5. Cerebrovascular accident
   6. Choking
   7. Hyperventilation
   8. Asthma
   9. Drug related emergencies
   10. Diabetes mellitus
9. Describe the legal and ethical responsibilities of the dental team in the management of emergency situations
   1. Liability to staff and dentist
   2. Risk management
   3. Standard of care
   4. Respondeat superior
   5. Ethics
      1. Patient autonomy
      2. Nonmaleficence
      3. Veracity
      4. Competence
      5. Integrity

Not applicable.

Assignment(s): Reflection and dental team member assignment papers
Group project: Dental emergency video
Midterm: Multiple choice and short answer
Final: Multiple choice and short answer

Didactic lecture
Role playing
Small group assignments and discussions

Malamed. Medical Emergencies in the Dental Office, 8th ed. (ISBN-10: 0323776159). 2022.

Miyasaki, C.. Dental Office Emergencies Lecture Manual. .

1. Reading chapters in textbook
2. Reflection paper
3. Video dialogue and video